Metastasis is when cancer spreads beyond its original site to other parts of our body. All types of cancers have the potential to metastasize, depending on what type, size and primary location of the tumor. In this article, let’s discuss the mechanisms of metastasis, its implications, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options in detail.

Mechanism of metastasis:

The concept where the cancer is spread beyond the areas is also known as the metastatic cancer, Stage 4 cancer or secondary cancer. Metastases can occur in three ways:

• Cancer cells can grow directly into the tissue surrounding the primary tumor,
• Affects bones or other organs via the bloodstream
• May go near lymph nodes through lymphatic systems.

Why is metastasis dangerous?

When cancer is localized, it indicates that it hasn’t spread to other organs and is only present where it first began. Regional refers to the cancer’s growth into adjacent lymph nodes or surrounding tissues or organs. Distant spread involves cancer growing in the area further from its original site.

The majority of cancer deaths occur with the primary cancer spreading to distant sites, metastasis is important. Patients with localized tumors generally have a higher prognosis than those who have metastatic tumors.

The survey states that more than 70% of patients had a prevalence of bone metastases. Even if there are no indications of tumors spread during diagnosis, patients should receive effective treatment as they could develop metastatic diseases.

Is metastatic cancer curable?

Determining whether a cancer can be cured is a challenging question. There is no specific treatment for metastatic cancer in general or for particular types of metastatic cancer; instead, it depends on a variety of factors. It’s real that treating cancer that has only spread to one area is simpler while treating metastatic cancer is very challenging.

However, new therapies and clinical trials are in progress and new methods for treating metastatic cancer are being discovered, to enable patients to receive care that will prolong or improve their quality of life.

What are the common symptoms of metastatic cancers?

• Brain cancer:Symptoms of brain metastasis can include headaches, nausea, difficulty speaking, blurred vision, dizziness, anxiety, or trouble walking. Brain cancer may also affect an individual’s personality, confusion, judgment, memory loss, and socially inappropriate behavior by impairing the way the brain processes information.
• Bone cancer:The first sign of metastatic bone cancer may be a fractured bone from a minor injury or no injury at all. Also, you may feel severe back pain, arm or leg weakness, bone pain, and urine incontinence. Pain, fractures, issues with the intestines and bladder, muscle weakness, and hypercalcemia are some conditions in which there is more calcium in the blood than usual, these are indicators that cancer has spread to the bone.
• Liver cancer:Liver cancer causes Loss of appetite, exhaustion, fever, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes due to elevated hormone levels), bloating, and swelling in the legs are indications that the cancer has advanced to the liver.
• Lung cancer:Coughing, chest pain, coughing up blood, or shortness of breath are symptoms of metastatic lung cancer.
• The most common symptoms of cancers include headaches, pain, unexplained weight loss, shortness of breath, and extreme fatigue.

If you experience any of these symptoms, consult with your medical team. These might be signs of another disease or a sign that cancer is spreading. You can determine the most effective course of treatment by discussing the particular tests for the health issues with the appropriate medical teams.

Metastatic cancer diagnosis: The first step in testing allows the healthcare provider to identify metastases. Some patients may develop metastases after completing treatment for non-metastatic cancer, indicating a recurrence. Thus, routine checkups are recommended to help doctors monitor any signs of cancer recurrence.

Treatments for metastatic cancer: Treatment depends on the cancer’s origin, level of spread and patient condition. For instance, a patient’s physician will continue to treat liver cancer in the same manner as breast cancer if the patient has breast cancer and it spreads to the liver. This is a result of the cancer cells simply moving to a new location rather than changing. Patients should seek out specialist care from oncology hospitals that have experience treating the particular kind of cancer that they have.

Treatment for metastatic cancer can:

• Chemotherapy
• Hormone therapy
• Immunotherapy
• Radiation therapy

Doctor’s advice on metastatic cancer: Commonly, metastatic cancer treatment is challenging. Early diagnosis, timely therapy, and availability of comprehensive treatment are essential for controlling metastatic illness and enhancing patient outcomes.

Look for the best oncology hospitals in Namakkal that specialize in treating your specific type of cancer. These hospitals are likely to be more up-to-date on the latest clinical trials and innovative therapies.

Patients can get better and have hope thanks to advanced targeted therapies. Thangam Cancer Centre provides a comprehensive care team and treatment which helps prolong survival and improves the quality of life for cancer patients.